Constant Dutch, 1920-2005
Provenance
Constant2005 Trudy Nieuwenhuys-Van der Horst, by descent
Exhibitions
1961, Constant · Amsterdam, Städtische Kunstgalerie, Bochum, Germany (4 March – 9 April 1961)
1964, Constant New-Babylon. Imaginäre Stadtlandschaften, Museum Haus Lange, Krefeld, Germany (31 October – 6 December 1964)
1965, Constant. Schilderijen, plastieken New Babylon, Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague (1 October – 21 November 1965)
1966, Constant. New Babylon, Volkshochschule, Cologne, Germany (14 January – 11 February 1966)
1966, Constant. Van Cobra naar New Babylon. Schilderijen, gouaches, plastieken en maquettes, Provinciaal Museum, 's-Hertogenbosch (26 February – 24 March 1966)
1966, Constant: Pitture, Disegni, Guazzi, Acquarelli. Sculture, 'New Babylon', Dutch Pavilion, XXXIII Esposizione Biennale Internazionale, Venice (18 June – 16 October 1966)
1967, Constant. New Babylon. En verden for HOMO LUDENS, Kunstnernes Hus, Oslo, Norway (18 November – 10 December 1967)
1968, Constant. New Babylon, Lunds Konsthall, Lund, Sweden (30 March – 25 April 1968)
1974, Constant. New Babylon, Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague (15 June – 1 September 1974)
1998, Constant's New Babylon. The Hyper-Architecture of Desire, Witte de With, Center for Contemporary Art, Rotterdam (21 November 1998 – 10 January 1999)
2012, Verführung Freiheit / The Desire for Freedom. Art in Europe since 1945, 30th Council of Europe Art Exhibition, Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin, Germany (17 October 2012 – 10 February 2013)
2013, The Desire for Freedom. Art in Europe since 1945, 30th Council of Europe Art Exhibition, Palazzo Reale, Milan, Italy (14 March – 2 June 2013)
2013, Critique and Crises. Art in Europe since 1945, 30th Council of Europe Art Exhibition, Kumu Art Museum, Tallinn, Estonia (28 June – 3 November 2013)
2014, Meer macht, Museum de Fundatie, Zwolle (30 March – 17 August 2014)
2015, Constant. New Babylon, Borzo Gallery, Feature Art Basel, Basel (18–21 June 2015)
2015, Constant. Nueva Babilonia / Constant. New Babylon, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid (20 October 2015 – 29 February 2016)
2016, Constant. Ruimte + Kleur. Van Cobra naar New Babylon / Constant. Space + Colour. From Cobra to New Babylon, Cobra Museum voor Moderne Kunst, Amstelveen (28 May – 25 September 2016)
Literature
Andreotti, Libero & Xavier Costa, eds., Situationists. Art, Politics, Urbanism, exh.cat. Barcelona (Museu d'Art Contemporani de Barcelona) 1996, pp. 84–85 (ill.)
Beitin, Andreas & J. Gillen Eckhert, eds., Flashes of the Future. The Art of the 68ers or the Power of the Powerless, exh.cat. Aachen (Ludwig Forum for International Art) 2019, p. 363, ill. no. 1
Borja-Villel, Manuel, et al., Constant. New Babylon, exh.cat. Madrid (Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía) 2015, p. 141 (ill.)
Careri, Francesco, Constant. New Babylon. Una città nomade, Turin (Testo & Immagine) 2001, pp. 6–7 (ill.) [photograph of Constant in his studio with Twee Torens to his left]
Constant & Trudy van der Horst, C'est notre désir qui fait la révolution. Constant, monograph, exh.cat. Basel (BorzoGallery, Art Basel) 2015, p. 4 (ill.)
Constant, Constant New-Babylon: Imaginäre Stadtlandschaften, exh.cat. Krefeld (Museum Haus Lange) 1964, cat.no. 6, p. 6 (ill.) [the large tower on a different base]
Flacke, Monika, ed., Critique and Crises. Art in Europe since 1945, exh.cat. Tallinn/Milan (Kumu Art Museum/Palazzo Reale) 2013, pp. 66–67 (ill.)
Flacke, Monika, ed., Verführung Freiheit. Kunst in Europa seit 1945, exh.cat. Berlin (Deutsches Historisches Museum) / Dresden (Sandstein Verlag) 2012, pp. 66–67 (ill.)
Geest, Jan van, "De vrije kunst van het construeren. Een tafelontwerp van Constant", Jong Holland, no. 2, year 12, 1996, p. 10, ill. no. 9 [the small tower]
Lambert, Jean-Clarence & Constant, Constant. New Babylon. Art et Utopie. Textes Situationnistes, Paris (Éditions Cercle d'Art) 1997, p. 22 (ill.) [photograph of Constant in his studio with Twee Torens to his left]
Leo, Peter & Constant, Constant · Amsterdam, exh.cat. Bochum (Städtische Kunstgalerie) 1964, cat.no. 60
Locher, J.L. & Constant, New Babylon, exh.cat. The Hague (Haags Gemeentemuseum) 1974, p. 77, ill. no. 6
Oxenaar, R.D.W., Constant: Pitture, Disegni, Guazzi, Acquarelli. Sculture, 'New Babylon', exh.cat. Venice (XXXIII Esposizione Biennale Internazionale) 1966, pp. 190–194, cat.no. 42 [the small tower, which is the large tower in the current situation]
Reise, Walter & Dietrich Mahlow, Begegnung. Maler und Bildhauer der Gegenwart / Encounters. Contemporary Artists and Sculptors, Stuttgart (Belser Verlag) 1970 (ill.).
Weitering, Katja, et al., Constant. Space + Colour. From Cobra to New Babylon, exh.cat. Amstelveen (Cobra Museum voor Moderne Kunst) 2016, p. 124 (ill.)
Wijsenbeek, L.J.F., Constant Nieuwenhuys, Jos de Gruyter & Hein van Haaren, Constant. Schilderijen, plastieken New Babylon, exh.cat. The Hague (Haags Gemeentemuseum) 1965, cat.no. 161 [the small tower, which is the large tower in the current situation]
Wigley, Mark, Constant & Bartomeu Marí, Constant's New Babylon. The Hyper-Architecture of Desire, Rotterdam (Witte de With / 010 Publishers) 1998, p. 48, ill. no. 2
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